What it is
When it comes to oestrogen and skin, it is a key hormone when it comes to skin health, particularly for women. It influences everything from hydration and elasticity to collagen production and wound healing. Levels naturally fluctuate with age and throughout the menstrual cycle, which can lead to visible changes in skin condition.
How it works in skincare
Oestrogen interacts with skin cells via oestrogen receptors found in the epidermis, dermis, and even in the sebaceous glands that produce sebum. When oestrogen levels are healthy, these receptors help regulate moisture retention, maintain a strong skin barrier and support the production of collagen and elastin. As a result, the skin looks plumper, smoother and more radiant.
One of the most noticeable effects of declining oestrogen, such as during menopause, is a drop in skin thickness and firmness. Collagen levels can fall by as much as 30% in the first five years after menopause, leading to dryness, fine lines and increased sensitivity. The skin may also bruise more easily and take longer to heal.
Increased pigmentation, often seen as age spots or melasma, can also be linked to hormonal fluctuations. Oestrogen affects melanocyte activity, which controls melanin production, meaning uneven tone can become more noticeable as hormone levels shift.
Oestrogen and skin behaviour
Some skincare routines are designed to support skin during hormonal changes. Products with peptides, hyaluronic acid and antioxidants can help compensate for what oestrogen naturally provides. In some cases, topical or systemic hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may be recommended to help maintain skin density and hydration, though this should be discussed with a healthcare professional.
Lifestyle also plays a role in supporting oestrogen-sensitive skin. A balanced diet rich in phytoestrogens (plant-based compounds with mild oestrogen-like effects), good sun protection, and consistent skincare can help maintain healthier skin over time.